Volodymyr Omelchenko, director of energy programs at the Razumkov Center, said on Espreso TV.“The Russian Federation has 34 large refineries and 130 small and medium-sized refineries, with a total processing capacity of over 270 million tons per year and an average refining depth of 85%. Transneft, the world’s largest oil transport company, operates 50,000 km of main pipelines, 18,000 km of oil product pipelines, and has storage capacity of 24 million cubic meters. It’s a massive and highly integrated system,” Omelchenko explained.He emphasized that Ukraine is targeting Russia’s oil pumping systems, which number around 500, and that reducing their capabilities requires systematic strikes.Omelchenko also linked Russia’s fuel shortages to budget constraints and state regulation of oil product prices. “Russia is in no rush to repair refineries damaged by Ukrainian forces because it’s more profitable for oil companies to transport oil abroad than to sell it domestically. For example, 95-octane gasoline has disappeared because production matches consumption. Diesel, on the other hand, is produced at twice the rate of domestic consumption. Interestingly, there are shortages even in the Kuril Islands and Khabarovsk Territory, where there are refineries and drones cannot reach them. This is due to Russia’s budget deficits and state-controlled fuel prices at gas stations,” he added.Read also: Ukrainian drone strikes and new U.S. tariffs are hitting Russia's vital oil exports, causing a major downturn in sales